S. Ismadji, A. Kurniawan, Y.H. Ju, F.E. Soetaredjo, A. Ayucitra, L.K. Ong
The extraction of oil and several triterpenoid compounds (azadirachtin, nimbin, and salannin) from need seed kernel by supercritical CO 2 (SC-CO 2) was demonstrated in this work. The experiments were performed with variation of pressures from 10MPa to 35MPa and temperatures (313.15K, 323.15K, and 333.15K) for 4h with CO 2 flow rate of 5mL/min (measured at 6.8MPa, 303.15K). The amounts of neem oil, azadirachtin, nimbin, and salannin extracted were increased with increasing pressure and temperature. The solubility of neem oil and triterpenoids studied was presented as a function of temperature and solvating power of CO 2 in 3D mesh plots. The Chrastil and Mendez-Santiago and Teja density-based models were applied to evaluate experimental data. The heat of solution (ΔH) of neem oil, azadirachtin, nimbin, and salannin in SC-CO 2 was found to be -28.79kJ/mol, -42.33kJ/mol, -35.98kJ/mol, and -51.69kJ/mol, respectively. The consistency plots of Mendez-Santiago and Teja model were given to test its applicability in representing experimental data over a range of pressure and temperature studied. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Surabaya 60114, Kalijudan 37, Indonesia; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, 43, sec. 4, Keelung Rd., Taiwan