Dewa Ketut Meles, Imam Mustofa, Wurlina Wurlina, Clarissa Audreylea Donova, Essi Rayareswari Hidayanti, Niluh Suwasanti, Zulfi Nur Amrina Rosyada, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Adeyinka Oye Akintunde, Rheza Imawan Mustofa, Satriawan Wedniyanto Putra, Riza Zainuddin Ahmad, Wasito Wasito, Ricadonna Raissa
Background: The LD50 (lethal dose causing 50% mortality) of ethylene glycol (EG) and its associated toxicity in mice (Mus musculus) were assessed by evaluating kidney function. Aim: This study aimed to determine the acute toxicity of an oral lethal dose of 50% (LD50) of EG, also degeneration, necrosis, and inflammatory cell invasion in kidney tubules of male rats (Rattus norvegicus) as an animal model. Methods: There were 66 DDG (Deutschland Denken Yoken) mice in 11 groups of six in this investigation. The daylong metabolic cage study contained one control (C) and 10 treatment groups that received different EG doses. EG’s daily BW/kg dosage varied from 0.5 mg/kg to 15,000 mg/kg. The treatment group was given a single dose of EG at a dose of T1 = 0.5 mg/kg BW, T2 = 1.57 mg/kg BW, T3 = 4.94 mg/kg BW, T4 = 15.54 mg/kg BW, T5 = 48.84 mg/ kg BW, T6 = 153.55 mg/kg BW, T7 = 482.74 mg/kg BW, and T8 = 1517.66 mg/kg BW T9 = 4771.24 mg/kg BW, T10 = 14999.99 ≈ 15. 000 mg/kg BW. One-way Analysis of Variance testing was used to analyze the data. Results: The LD50 value of EG in mice was determined to be 1.598 mg/kg BW, classifying EG as “Slightly Toxic.” According to renal histopathology, EG dosage increased renal tubular degeneration, necrosis, and interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration. Acute renal impairment and lower urine output were observed in the EG (4.94 mg/ kg—1517.66 mg/kg BW). Histologically, EG levels are associated with renal tubular cell degeneration, necrosis, and interstitial inflammatory cell growth. Conclusion: Acute EG exposure caused renal failure in male mice. Acute exposure to EG causes renal tubular cell degeneration and inflammation, indicating toxicity and health hazards. © 2024, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli. All rights reserved.
Division of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Division of Veterinary Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Profession Program of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Clinical Pathology, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia; Division of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Research Center for Veterinary Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia; Department of Agriculture and Industrial Technology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria; Nayaka Hostpital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Rumah Sakit Angkatan Udara, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia