Hevi Wihadmadyatami, Srikanth Karnati, Puspa Hening, Yudy Tjahjono, Rizal, Fitriana Maharjanti, Dwi Liliek Kusindarta, Teguh Triyono, Supriatno
Food science; Cell biology; A549; ethanolic extract Ocimum sanctum; Detachment; Apoptosis. © 2019 The Authors; Ocimum sanctum (OS) is tropical herbal plant which is easy to find and widely used as a vegetable food in Indonesia. In last decade, lung adenocarcinoma was in top position as male cancer disease in Indonesia. Recently, emerging data showing the extracts of different species of Ocimum exhibiting the anti-tumor properties. Further studies on lung lewis carcinoma demonstrated pro-apoptosis effects after the treatment with Ocimum extracts. However, the effect of OS of Indonesian origin in human alveolar pulmonary adenocarcinoma A549 cells remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate effects of ethanolic extract OS (EEOS) in A549 cell culture systems. Cell adhesion and viability assays revealed that EEOS significantly decreased the attachment into extracellular matrix of A549 cells. Morphological examination AO/EB and DAPI staining indicated that EEOS induced the cells shrinkage, DNA fragmentation and condensation of A549 cells. Further, EEOS treatment induced the apoptosis rate followed by up-regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase-3 expression and decreased anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. This condition also suppressed the expression of SOD2 as well as the GPx. In conclusion, our findings indicate that EEOS suppressed the viability of A549 cells, which may result from the activation of ROS promoting the apoptosis signaling via mitochondrial intrinsic pathway. Taken together, EEOS might be a good therapeutic potential to further understand its properties in the treatment of lung carcinoma. © 2019 The Authors
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius Maxilimilian University Wurzburg, Germany; Integrated Laboratory for Research and Testing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Faculty of Pharmacy, Widya Mandala Catholic University, Surabaya, 60265, Indonesia; Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia