Jeane Angelica Yulianadi Susanto, Antonius Jimmy Widagdo, Marvel Guntur Wijanarko, Maria Yuliana, Sandy Budi Hartono, Shella Permatasari Santoso, Grandprix Thomryes Marth Kadja, Christian Julius Wijaya, Aning Ayucitra, Ery Susiany Retnoningtyas, Hidayat, Suryadi Ismadji
With an annual production of 2.81 million tons, the coconut husk is an essential source of silica. Various advantages of silica as a drug carrier make it one of the most developed materials in drug delivery applications. To improve the drug delivery performance of a material, twisted chirality is also classified as a critical factor because the pharmacological activity depends on the interaction of the drug with the drug carrier material in the target area. In this study, the coconut husk-based mesoporous silica (MS) can be synthesized through a calcination and sol-gel method. With the help of anionic surfactant, MS is successfully modified to have a twisted-chiral structure (CMS). CMS is characterized by twisted rod-like morphology at a size of 1–2 μm, with a helical arrangement (mixed with the beta-sheet and random coil conformations). CMS's surface area and pore volume are obtained at 288.3 m2/g and 0.614 cm3/g, with an average pore size of 7.63 nm. The maximum adsorption of tetracycline (506.5 mg/g) is reached at pH = 4, with the initial concentration of tetracycline at 400 mg/g, temperature of 323 K, and adsorption time of 600 min. The loading of tetracycline follows the pseudo-first-order model with a monolayer mechanism. The bulk migration of tetracycline from the solution into the surface of CMS is deemed the primary adsorption mechanism. The in-vitro release study of tetracycline at pH = 7.4 follows the slow-sustained release model with the cumulative release at 72.3 %, showing better release performance compared with the common MS. © 2024 Elsevier Inc.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya, 60114, Indonesia; Chemical Engineering Master Program, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya, 60114, Indonesia; Collaborative Research Center for Zero Waste and Sustainability, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya, 60114, Indonesia; Division of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Center for Catalysis and Reaction Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia; Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Kawasan Puspiptek Gedung 820, Tangerang Selatan, 15314, Indonesia